lettered by Abraham Ortelius, 1570
Early steppe and pre-Mongol peoples

Volga Bulghars

Named in 10 sources and maps.

  1. c. 903–913approximate
    Book of Precious Records, seventh part
    WIbn RustacompilationW202
  2. 943exact year
    Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems
    Wal-Mas'udimixedW201
  3. 1072–1077a range
    Compendium of the Turkic Dialects
    WMahmud al-KashgarifirsthandW219
  4. c. 1120approximate
    Sharaf al-Zaman Tahir Marvazi on China, the Turks and India
    WMarvazicompilationW197
  5. 1224–1228a range
    Geographical Dictionary, Arabic text edited by F. Wuestenfeld
    WYaqut al-HamawicompilationW205
  6. 1305exact year
    Laurentian Chronicle
    WAnonymous Rus chroniclerscompilationW162
  7. 1321exact year
    Survey of the Countries
    WAbu'l-FidacompilationW204
  8. c. 1340–1349approximate
    Routes of Insight into the Realms of the Metropolises
    Wal-Umariinformant testimonyW206
  9. 1633–1666within a century
    Account of Chinggis Khan and Timur the Lame
    WAnonymous Volga-Tatar compilercompilationW217
  10. 1765exact year
    Historical and geographical observations on the barbarian peoples who have inhabited the banks of the Danube…
    WCharles de PeyssonnelcompilationW268